ÿDSIl±³ENUNCPENUDXPENUNCBGENDXB"c,x¼,x½˜(11_w6A,ŠU˜tcspv1~phds,,ueb ,,te*nicalhdehds,a ,self-,direct$ ,c\rsehde<<hds,develop$ byhdehds,lorra9e ,banks & ,hel5 ,mc,millanhdehds,,cnib ,te*nical ,transcrib]s & ,9/ructorshdehds&hdehds,phyllis ,l&onhdehds,*air1 ,,iceb ,code ,ma9t5.e ,committeehde<<hds,) ! assi/.e (hdehds,d>le5 ,bog>thdehds,*air1 ,,ueb ,project ,committee1<#aiia-#bjajhde<<hds,,cnib ,torontohde<<hds,9 ,"o ,volumehdehds,brl pages p#a-p#d & #a-#cihde #bjaepges~para..1,,ueb .1,te*nical is provid$ free ( *>ge by ,,cnib4 ,no "p ( ? publica;n may 2 reproduc$ by any m1ns )\t ac"kl$ge;t4ee~para.es~para.,? c\rse requires ! use ( .7,unifi$ ,5gli% ,brl ,guidel9es = ,te*nical ,mat]ial.' & .7,! ,rules ( ,unifi$ ,5gli% ,brl.'2 late/ $i;ns4 ,^! publica;ns c 2 d[nload$ free ( *>ge 9 pr9t or brl f www4iceb4org_/ueb4html4ee~para.es~para.,? c\rse c 2 d[nload$ z electronic files 9 pr9t or brl f http3_/_/www4cnib"<4ca_/5_/liv+_/braille_/,pages_/,braille"<-,c\rses4aspx4<<ee~para.es~h1.,,transcrib]',s ,,notesee~h1.es~para.,= v]baliza;ns ( practices1 ^ws : >e n 9 pr9t >e 5clos$ 9 transcrib]'s note 9dicators4 ,quota;n m>ks >e us$ to gr\p items = cl>;y & d n appe> 9 pr9t4ee~para.pghds,,ueb ,,te*nical<,brl ,edi;nhde<hds,table ( ,3t5tshdees~toc-15.svrfp3rfs,3t5tsrfe<,9troduc;nfr;p~".#a<,3tact ,9=ma;nfr;p~".#b<,pro( ( ,pr(ici5cyfr;p~".#c<,9/ruc;ns = ! ,practicesfr;p~".#c<<,a4#a ,signs ( ,op]a;n1 ,comp>ison & ,omis.nfr;p~".#e<,a4#b ,gr\p+ ,devices "<,brackets">fr;p~".#e<>,practice ,afr;p~".#f<;,b4 ,l9e ,modefr;p~".#h<>,practice ;,bfr;p~".#h<;,c4 ,spatial ,lay\t & ,diagramsfr;p~".#aj<>,practice ;,cfr;p~".#aj<;,d4 ,frac;nsfr;p~".#ad<>,practice ;,dfr;p~".#ae<;,e4 ,sup]scripts & ,subscriptsfr;p~".#ah<>,practice ;,efr;p~".#ai<;,f4 ,squ>e ,roots & o!r ,radicalsfr;p~".#ba<>,practice ;,ffr;p~".#ba<;,g4 ,func;nsfr;p~".#bb<>,practice ;,gfr;p~".#bc<,h4#a ,set ,!ory1 ,gr\p ,!ory & ,logicfr;p~".#bd<,h4#b ,miscellane\s ,symbolsfr;p~".#bd<>,practice ;,hfr;p~".#bd<,i4 ,b>s & ,dots etc4 ov] & "ufr;p~".#be<>,practice ,ifr;p~".#bf<;,j4 ,>r[sfr;p~".#bg<>,practice ;,jfr;p~".#bh<;,k4 ,%ape ,symbols & ,composite ,symbolsfr;p~".#bi<>,practice ;,kfr;p~".#cj<;,l4 ,matrices & ,vectorsfr;p~".#ca<>,practice ;,lfr;p~".#cb<;,m4 ,*emi/ryfr;p~".#cd<>,practice ;,mfr;p~".#cd<;,n4 ,comput] ,nota;nfr;p~".#cg<>,practice ;,nfr;p~".#cgee~toc-15.pgsvles0:0:1pv1~pntaes~h1.,9troduc;nee~h1.svrfp3rfs,9troduc;nrfees~para..1,,ueb .1,te*nical is 9t5d$ = ^? :o >e compet5t 9 ,unifi$ ,5gli% ,brl "<,,ueb"> = lit]>y mat]ial4ee~para.es~para.,? is a compreh5sive self-direct$ c\rse 9 ,,ueb = te*nical mat]ial4 ,x is n an 9/ruc;n manual4 ,x provides select$ ref];es to .7,unifi$ ,5gli% ,brl ,guidel9es = ,te*nical ,mat]ial.' " z ! res\rce = examples & fur!r explana;n4 ,ext5sive practice 9 produc+ te*nical mat]ial 9 ,,ueb is an ess5tial ele;t ( ! c\rse4 ,addi;nally1 ano!r important purpose ( .1,,ueb .1,te*nical is to 5sure famili>;y ) ! ,guidel9es4ee~para.es~para.,"! >e f\rte5 major topics g5]ally foll[+ ! ord] ( ! mat]ial pres5t$ 9 ! ,guidel9es4 ,! h1d+ = ea* major topic 9cludes ! ma9 ,guidel9es ref];e 5clos$ )9 squ>e brackets4 ,note t ,sec;n ;,b4 ,l9e ,mode ref]s to .7,! ,rules ( ,unifi$ ,5gli% ,brl.' "4 ,2c ! ,guidel9es >e n organiz$ z a t1*+ manual1 examples f.d "! may use symbols t h n be5 cov]$ at t po9t 9 ! c\rse4ee~para.es~para..1,,ueb .1,te*nical is 2+ provid$ by ,,cnib free ( *>ge & may 2 d"o 5tirely )\t 9/ruc;n4 ,ea* transcrip;n ,practice is foll[$ on ! next page by xs answ]s4ee~para.es~h1.,3tact ,9=ma;nee~h1.svrfp3rfs,3tact ,9=ma;nrfees~para.,"qs ab ! c\rse or xs 3t5t may 2 direct$ to ,,cnib at es~compinlineuebte*nical@acnib4ca4ee~compinlineee~para.pges~h1.,pro( ( ,pr(ici5cyee~h1.svrfp3rfs,pro( ( ,pr(ici5cyrfees~para.,,cnib w issue a ,lr ( ,pr(ici5cy = ,,ueb ,te*nical to a c&idate<<ee~para.es~list-13._4 :o holds ,canadian c]tifica;n 9 ,,ueb2l_4 :o has a ?or\< k ( ! rules & provi.ns ( ! ,guidel9es2 &l_4 :o c demon/rate a3uracy 9 transcrib+ te*nical mat]ial 9 ,,ueb by su3ess;l comple;n ( a te/4ee~list-13.<es~para.,^? :o h complet$ all ! ,practices to _! satisfac;n & h met ! f/ two require;ts abv may reque/ ! ,,ueb ,te*nical ,pr(ici5cy ,te/ f ,,cnib at es~compinlinebraille4c]tifica;n@acnib4caee~compinline4ee~para.es~h1.,9/ruc;ns = ! ,practicesee~h1.svrfp3rfspro( ( pr(ic & 9/ruc;nsrfees~para.,? c\rse is design$ = direct #f-key transcrip;n ( ! ,practices 9 ord] to be/ 3solidate ! 9=ma;n4 ,! use ( a brlr or a comput] ) a transcrip;n program t all[s direct 5try is recomm5d$4ee~para.es~para..1,,ueb .1,te*nical does n address h[ to divide ma!matical expres.ns 2t brl l9es "4 ,! ,practices use a #dj-cell l9e4 ,? is especially important = "s ( ! mat]ial 9 ord] to "u/& :at is 9t5d$4ee~para.es~para.,:5 a numb]$ "q )9 a ,practice 9cludes s"eal sep>ate "qs1 tr1t !m 9dividually r ?an z "p ( a passage4 ,"! may 2 m ?an "o correct me?od ( transcrib+ a "q4 ,! answ] w %[ ! f/ me?od1 : is usually pref]r$1 foll[$ by ! o!r correct =m on ! next l9e4ee~para.svrfp3rfs,9/ruc;ns = ! ,practicesrfees~para.,*eck transcrip;ns c>e;lly ag/ ! answ]s 9 ord] to 4cov] any po9ts : ne$ cl>ifica;n4 ,x may 2 nec to review ! ,guidel9es & rebrl ,practice "qs to 5sure complete "u/&+ ( ^? issues4ee~para.pges~h1.,,,a4#a signs ( op]a;n1 comp>ison & omis.n,' .<#c.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs,a op]1 comp1 gr\prfees~para.,! spac+ ( signs ( op]a;n & comp>ison is d1lt ) 9 #a4a4 ,9 "picul> note t 9consi/5cy 9 pr9t spac+ is n pres]v$ 9 brl4ee~para.es~para.,see #c = a li/ ( signs ( op]a;n & comp>ison4 ,! note to ! second to la/ example 9 #c4a expla9s t ! ratio sign is unspac$ 9 ,,ueb4 ,see #c4f = omis.n m>ks4 ee~para.es~h1.,,,a4#b gr\p+ devices ",' .<#e.>ee~h1.es~para.,,ueb gr\p+ devices 9 te*nical mat]ial 9clude ! v]tical b> 9 addi;n to ! gr\p+ devices us$ z punctua;n4ee~para.es~para.,= ! spac+ ( text sep>at$ by commas )9 gr\p+ devices "1 see ! f/ example 9 #e4ee~para.pges~h1.,,practice ,aee~h1.svrfp3rfs,a practrfees~list-15.#a4 ,= ! "y le>n]3<>#d plus #c equals #g<>#g m9us #d equals #c<#b4 #d divid$ by #b is less ?an #c "ts #a<#c4 ,! squ>e root ( #be is plus or m9us #e<#d4 ratio #ae to #c equals ratio #e to #a<#e4 #d plus #e equals "uscore<>#d plus blank equals #i<>#d "uscore #e equals #i<>#d plus #e "q m>k #i<#f4 a" equals ;ab plus ;ac<#g4 #aj;a plus ..> is grt] ?an or equal to #j<#h4 absolute value 8a plus ;b0 is less ?an or equal to absolute value a plus absolute value ;b<#i4 ,f9d ! 4t.e f ,p" to ,q"<#e1 m9us #d"><#aj4 .<#b1 a1 m9us #d1 #c;b.>ee~list-15.pges~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ,aee~h1.svrfp3rfs,a ansrfees~list-13.#a4 ,= ! "y le>n]3<>#d "6 #c "7 #g<>#g "ìA #d "7 #c<#b4 #d"/#b @< #c"8#a<#c4 ,! squ>e root ( #be is _6#e<#d4 #ae3#c "7 #e3#a<#e4 #d"6#e "7 .ìA<>#d"6+ "7 #i<>#d.-#e "7 #i<>#d"6#e ;8 #i<#f4 a" "7 ab"6ac<#g4 #aj;a"6..> _@> #j<#h4 _\a"6b_\ _@< _\a_\"6_\b_\<#i4 ,f9d ! 4t.e f ,p"<"ìA#c1 #g"> to ,q"<#e1 "ìA#d"><#aj4 .<#b1 a1 "ìA#d1 #c;b.>ee~list-13.pges~h1.;,,,b4 l9e mode,'<.<,rulebook1 #af.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,b l9e mode & practrfees~para.#af4a gives guid.e on :5 l9e mode may 2 us$4ee~para.es~para.,9 ,,ueb1 a horizontal l9e alw />ts ) ! 9dicator1 dots #e-#be4 ,horizontal l9es >e us$ = numb] l9es & = sep>a;n l9es 9 spatial >range;ts1 tabul> mat]ial & f9ancial /ate;ts1 & may 2 us$ = l9e draw+s s* z geometric figures4 ,see #af4b = ! complete provi.ns4ee~para.es~para.,,ueb provides = diagonal z well z v]tical l9es4 ,see #af4c4 ee~para.es~para.,comb9+ v>i\s =ms ( l9es is cov]$ 9 #af4d4 ,x is important t any =m ( v]tical l9e seg;t 2 prec$$ & foll[$ by a space .<#af4d4c.>4ee~para.es~h1.,,practice ;,bee~h1.es~TN-75,see answ]s4ee~TN-75les~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,bee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,b ansrfe#a4 "33w3333w3333w3333w3333w33< "-#a #j #a #b #c<<#b4<""=;;;< ><< > << > << > << > << "33',base"33<""=;'<#c4 "31111111111111111114< _ ^< _ ^< _ ^< "3333333333333333333jpges~h1.;,,,c4 spatial lay\t & diagrams,' .<#d.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,c spatial & practrfees~para.,9 ,,ueb1 ! num]ic 9dicator is us$ 9 spatial diagrams .<#d4a.>4 ,"! is ! op;n to use a num]ic passage 9dicator 2f & ! t]m9ator af ! expres.n .<#d4a.> or ex]cise .<#d4a4g.>4ee~para.es~para.,al? ! ,guidel9es su7e/ t ! lay\t may 2 *ang$ to suit local t1*+ practices .<#d4a4a & #d4a4c.>1 = purposes ( ? c\rse1 foll[ pr9t4 ,al foll[ pr9t 9 reg>ds to ! l5g? & posi;n ( any horizontal l9es us$ 9 ! ,practices4ee~para.es~h1.,,practice ;,cee~h1.es~para..7,transcribe "qs #a-#b us+ a num]ic 9dicator = ea* numb]4 ,transcribe "q #c us+ a num]ic passage 9dicator4 ,transcribe "qs #d-#g us+ a num]ic passage 9dicator & 9dividual num]ic 9dicators = ea* "q numb]4.' ee~para.les~TN-75,commas 9dicate a new pr9t l9e ( ! spatial >range;t4ee~TN-75lsvrfp3rfs;,c practrfees~list-15.#a4 @.<,spatial addi;n3@.> #dce"fci1 plus #b"cde1 hor4 l9e4<#b4 @.<,spatial multiplica;n3@.> #ijd1 "ts #ba1 hor4 l9e1 #ijd1 #ahjh1 hor4 l9e1 #ahihd4<#c4 @.<,spatial l;g divi.n3@.> #ee1 hor4 l9e1 #b v]tical l9e #aaj1 #aj1 hor4 l9e1 #aj1 #aj1 hor4 l9e1 #j4ee~list-15.lles~TN-75,"qs #d to #g >e pres5t$ acr ! pr9t page4ee~TN-75les~list-15.#d4 @.<,spatial addi;n3@.> #bc1 plus #ae1 hor4 l9e4<#e4 @.<,spatial subtrac;n3@.> #ab4b1 m9us #aa4g1 hor4 l9e4<#f4 @.<,spatial addi;n3@.> #ic4id1 plus #c4hc1 hor4 l9e4<#g4 @.<,spatial subtrac;n3@.> @s#d4ii1 m9us #a4jb1 hor4 l9e4ee~list-15.pges~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,cee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,c ansrfe#a4 #dce"fci< "6# b"cde< "333333333<<#b4 #ijd< "8# ba< "33333< # ijd< #ahjh< "33333< #ahihd<<pg#c4<##< ee< "3333< b _ aaj< aj< "33< aj< aj< "3< j<#'<<##<#d4 bc #e4 ab4b #f4 ic4id< "6ae "-aa4g "6 c4hc< "333 "33333 "333333<<#g4 @sd4ii< "-a4jb< "33333<#'<pges~h1.;,d4 ,,frac;ns .<#f.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,d frac;ns1 gr #arfees~para.,ref] to #d4a4d = examples ( spatial frac;ns = t1*+ purposes4ee~para.es~para.,frac;ns 9 te*nical mat]ial >e ! same z 9 lit]>y mat]ial4 ,see #f4a = simple num]ic frac;ns & #f4d = g5]al frac;ns4ee~para.es~para.,see #f4c = frac;ns writt5 l9e>ly1 i4e4 ) a sla%1 ": ! num]ator & d5om9ator >e on ! same l9e ( pr9t4ee~para.es~h2-55.,use ( ,grade #a ,modeee~h2-55.es~para.,g5]al frac;ns usually w require ! use ( grade #a 9dicators4 ,see #a4b = guid.e on ! use ( grade #a mode & num]ic mode4ee~para.es~para.,sec;n #a4g d1ls ) *oos+ : grade #a 9dicator to use 9 ea* situa;n "4 "<,y w f9d ! ,guidel9es !mvs >e n 3si/5t 9 apply+ ! pr9ciples 9 xs examples4"> ,(t5 "! is m ?an "o me?od ( 3vey+ ! 9=ma;n4 ,t1*]s may decide on a "picul> me?od to assi/ 9 t1*+ a new 3cept to _! /ud5t4ee~para.es~para.,= ! purpose ( ? c\rse1 foll[ ^! pref];es = te*nical mat]ial3ee~para.<es~list-13.#a4 ,:5 ! use ( 3trac;ns is an issue1 use ! me?od : all[s ^ws to 2 %[n 9 _! normal 3tract$ =m4 ,3sid] ! la/ example 9 sec;n #f4d at ! top ( page #cc4 ,= ? c\rse1 ! ?ird me?od ( transcrip;n is pref]r$1 i4e4 us+ grade #a symbol 9dicators4<#b4 ,9 o!r situa;ns1 x is pref]r$ to use a grade #a ^w 9dicator or a grade #a passage 9dicator 9 ord] to avoid 9t]rupt+ a ma!matical expres.n ) a grade #a symbol 9dicator4 ,? w "s"ts m1n t m cells >e us$4ee~list-13.svrfp3rfs;,d gr #a & practrfees~h1.,,practice ;,dee~h1.es~para..7,transcribe "q #a z spatial frac;ns = t1*+ purposes us+ a num]ic 9dicator = ea* numb]4.'ee~para.lles~TN-75,9 ? practice1 s"eal items foll[ "o ano!r on ! pr9t l9e sep>at$ only by spaces4 ,!y h be5 plac$ on sep>ate l9es 9 ! v]baliza;ns 2l = cl>;y4ee~TN-75lles~list-15.#a4 8#b ov] #af0 plus 8#b ov] #af0 equals 8#d ov] #af0 equals 8#a ov] #d0<svrfp3rfs;,d practrfe#b4 #f ov] #ab<>#f & "o half @.<>#f & "o half @.<>#f4ab ov] #b<>#f sla% #ab<>#f"abj"jjj ov] #b"jjj<>#f1abj ov] #bj1jjj<#c4 #b ov] ;y<>;x ov] ;y<>#d;cm ov] #hm<#d4 8"o half0 ov] 8#c ov] #f0<>8;x ov] ;y0 ov] 8;y ov] ;x0<>8#g ov] ;x0 ov] 8,8#h ov] ;x,0 plus ,8#d ov] ;x,00<#e4 l5g? equals 8>ea ov] wid?0<#f4 #c ov] #e<>;x sla% #aa<>#i sla% ;x<>#i sla% #aa<>@s#c4jj ov] #e<#g4 visible space ov] #g<>#aa ov] "q m>k<>ee~list-15.>"q m>k & "q m>k ov] #ees~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,dee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,d ansrfees~list-13.#a4 #b #b #d #a< "33 "6 "33 "7 "33 "7 "3< #af #af #af #d<<#b4 #f/ab #f#a/b #f#a/b #f4ab/b #f_/#ab #f"abj"jjj/b"jjj #f1abj/bj1jjj<#c4 ;(#b./y) ;;(x./y) ;(#d;cm./#hm)<#d4 ;(#a/b./#c/f) ;;((x./y)./(y./x)) ;;((#g./x)./(#h./x)"6(#d./x))<#e4 l5g? "7 ;(>ea./wid?;) .< l5g? "7 ;;(area./width)<#f4 #c/e x_/#aa #i_/x #i_/#aa ;(@s#c4jj./#e)<#g4 ;;(+./#g) ;(#aa./8) ;;8(8./#e)ee~list-13.pges~h1.;,,,e4 sup]scripts & subscripts,' .<#g.>ee~h1.es~para.,9 ,,ueb1 sup]scripts & subscripts 9 te*nical mat]ial >e d"o ! same way z 9 lit]>y mat]ial4 ,s9ce ! sup]script & subscript 9dicators ref] only to ! next 8item0 "1 x is n nec to %[ ! level *ange back to basel9e4ee~para.es~para.,if "! is m ?an "o symbol 9 ! sup]script or subscript posi;n1 use brl gr\p+ 9dicators to cr1te a ,,ueb 8item0 "4 ,see al #g4d & #g4e4ee~para.svrfp3rfs;,e sups1 subsrfees~para.,rememb] t 9 ,,ueb ! degree symbol is 3sid]$ to 2 sup]script & does n ne$ a sup]script 9dicator .<#b4aj.>4ee~para.es~para.,= simultane\s sup]scripts & subscripts1 foll[ #g4g4ee~para.es~para.,transcrib+ modifi]s directly abv & 2l is expla9$ 9 #g4i4ee~para.es~para.,= ! sigma nota;n 9 ! foll[+ practice1 see ! li/ ( ,greek lrs 9 #aa4g4ee~para.es~h1.,,practice ;,eee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,e practrfees~TN-75,9 ? practice1 s"eal items foll[ "o ano!r on ! pr9t l9e sep>at$ only by spaces4 ,!y h be5 plac$ on sep>ate l9es 9 ! v]baliza;ns 2l = cl>;y4ee~TN-75les~list-15.#a4 ,a equals #c4ad ;r squ>$<>;b cub$<>,,co sub #b<#b4 ;p sup #c ;q <>;p sup 8#cq0 <>a sup 8#c;b0<#c4 ;m cub$ plus ;n<>;m sup 8#c plus ;n0 <>;m sup 8#c plus ;n0 m9us #f<#d4 ;y sup 8#c ov] #e0 <>;y cub$ ov] #e<#e4 8;x squ>$ plus ;y squ>$0 ov] ;z cub$<#f4 ;p equals ;q sup 8;r ov] ;s0 ;t<#g4 ;x sup 8;y cub$0<>;x sup 8"<;y cub$">0<#h4 #b sup 8#b sup ,8#b squ>$,00<#i4 ;,v sub 8i squ>$0<>;,v sup 8i sub #b0<#aj4 ;c sup 8m9us #c;d0<#aa4 ,fe sup 8,,iii0 ,cl sub #c<#ab4 ;m sub ;x sup ;y<>8;m sup ;y0 sub ;x<>8;m sub ;x0 sup ;y<>;m sub 8;x sup ;y0<#ac4 sup m9us #c plus sup plus #g equals sup plus #d<#ad4 #b4g "ts #aj sup #g degrees,f<kps#ae4 ! sum f 8;x equals #a0 to #e ( ;x sub ;n sup #h ) summa;n limits directly 2l & abv a capital sigma4<#af4 ;,v sub c"o equals "o-half pi ;r squ>$ ;hkpeee~list-15.es~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,eee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,e pract & ansrfees~list-13.#a4 ,a "7 #c4adr9#b ;;b9#c ;;,c,o5#b <#b4 ;;p9#cq ;;p9<#cq> ;;a9<#c;b> <#c4 ;;m9#c"6n ;;m9<#c"6n> ;;m9<#c"6n>"ìA#f <#d4 ;;y9#c/e ;;(y9#c./#e) <#e4 ;;(x9#b"6y9#b./z9#c) <#f4 ;;;p "7 q9(r./s)t;'<#g4 ;;x9 ;;x9" <#h4 #b9<#b9<#b9#b>><#i4 ;;,v5 ;;,v9 <#aj4 ;;c9<"ìA#c;d> <#aa4 ;;,fe9<,,iii>,cl5#c <#ab4 ;;m5x9y ;;m9y5x ;;9y ;;m5<#ac4 ;;;9"ìA#c"69"6#g "7 9"6#d;' <#ad4 #b4g"8#aj9#g ^j,f<#ae4 ;;,.s.5.9#ex5n9#h<#af4 ;;,v5 "7 #a/b.pr9#b;h<>> ;;;,v5 "7 #a/b.pr9#b;h;'< .< ,v;5; "7 #a/b.pr9#b;hee~list-13.es~h1.;,,,f4 squ>e roots & o!r radicals,' .<#h.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,f rootsrfees~para.#h4a expla9s ! me?od ( transcrib+ squ>e roots4 ,ref] to #h4b = ! transcrip;n ( a radical 9dex4 ,note a ne/$ radical is %[n 9 ! la/ example ( #h4b4ee~para.es~para.#h4c illu/rates ! symbol = ! squ>e root sign )\t a v9culum4 ,? sign may al 2 us$ z ! symbol = ! *eck m>k4ee~para.lles~h1.,,practice ;,fee~h1.es~list-15.#a4 squ>e root ( 8;x squ>$ plus #a0<#b4 #c squ>e root ( 8;x ov] ;y0 plus #b<#c4 cube root ( #b<#d4 8;m plus n0? root ( 8;p plus ;q0<#e4 squ>e root ( 8squ>e root ( ;x0<#f4 ,use @.e root sign@.> = squ>e roots4ee~list-15.lles~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,fee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,f pract & ansrfees~list-13.#a4 ;;%x9#b"6#a+ <#b4 #c%(x./y)+"6#b><#c4 ;;%9#c#b+ <#d4 ;;%9p"6q+ <#e4 ;;%%x++ <#f4 ,use "% = squ>e roots4ee~list-13.es~h1.;,g4 ,,func;ns .<#i.>ee~h1.es~para.,foll[ #i4c = ! spac+ ( func;n "ns4 ,note t 3trac;ns >e us$ un.s grade #a mode is 9 e6ect1 s* z foll[+ a num]ic 9dicator "4ee~para.llsvrfp3rfs;,g func;ns & practrfees~h1.,,practice ;,gee~h1.es~list-15.#a4 s9 #cj degrees1 cos ;x1 tan !ta<#b4 a csc ;x1 #c s9 #de degrees1 cos sup 8m9us #a0 #j4b<#c4 #b log sub #d #h1 log sub a ;x1 log sub #h ;x<#d4 s9 ;,a equals m9us 8#a ov] squ>e root ( #b0<#e4 ;y equals m9us #c s9 "<#b ;x plus pi"> m9us #a1 m9us pi is less ?an or equal to ;x is less ?an or equal to #b piee~list-15.lles~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,gee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,g ans & ;,h sets" miscrfees~list-13.#a4 s9#cj^j1 cos ;x1 tan.?<#b4 a csc ;x1 #csin#de^j1 ;;cos9<"ìA#a>#j4b <#c4 #blog5#d#h1 ;;log5ax1 ;;log5#hx<#d4 ;;;sin,a "7 "-(#a./%#b+);' .< s9,a "7 "-;(#a./%#b+)<#e4 ;y "7 "-#csin"<#bx"6.p">"-#a1 < "-.p _@< ;x _@< #b.pee~list-13.es~h1.,,,h4#a set !ory1 gr\p !ory & logic,' .<#aj.>ee~h1.es~para.,use ! appropriate symbols4 ,symbols ( comp>ison >e spac$ & symbols ( op]a;n >e unspac$ "4ee~para.es~h1.,,,h4#b miscellane\s symbols,' .<#aa.>ee~h1.es~para.,note : symbols c 2 f.d "h e4g4 9tegral1 a/]isk1 9f9;y1 angle1 holl[ dot ""> etc4ee~para.lles~h1.,,practice ;,hee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,h pract & ansrfees~List-15.#a4 ,a 9t]sec;n ;,b1 ;,x is a subset ( ;,y<#b4 "<,a & n ;,b"> 3ta9s "<#c4 9tegral f 8;x equals a0 to 8;x equals ;b0 ( f"dx<#d4 ! sum f 8;n equals #j0 to 9f9;y ( a sub ;n ) summa;n limits directly 2l & abv a capital sigma<#e4 "!=e angle ,,abc is less ?an #ij degrees<#f4 _ s* t ;x equals absolute value ( ;y_><#g4 ;n factorial ov] 8;r factorial "<;n m9us ;r"> factorial0ee~List-15.es~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,hee~h1.es~list-13.#a4 ,a.8,b1 ;,x ^< ;,y <#b4 "<,a@8@?,b"> ^> "<@?,x@6,y"><#c4 ;;!59f"dx <#d4 ;;,.s.5.9#=a5n <#e4 ;,* _[,,abc @< #ij^j <#f4 ;;;_<" _\ x "7 _\y_\_>;'<#g4 ;;(n6./r6"6)ee~list-13.es~h1.,,,i4 b>s & dots etc4 ov] & "u,' .<#ab.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,h ans & ,i b>s1 dotsrfees~para.,^! symbols foll[ ! 8item0 : !y >e ov] or "u4 ,note t s"eal ( ^! symbols h 3tract$ m1n+s & w ne$ to 2 9 grade #a mode4 ,! def9i;n ( an item is rep1t$ 9 #ab4a4ee~para.lles~h1.,,practice ,iee~h1.lsvrfp3rfs,i b>s1 dots & practrfees~para..7,transcribe "q #f z a spatial >range;t4.'ee~para.lles~TN-75,9 "q #b1 s"eal items foll[ "o ano!r on ! pr9t l9e sep>at$ only by spaces4 ,!y h be5 plac$ on sep>ate l9es 9 ! v]baliza;ns 2l = cl>;y4ee~TN-75llles~list-15.#a4 ;y b> ov] is n equal to #j<#b4 #a4de ) a b> ov] digits #de<>#a4de ) dots ov] digits #d & #e<>,,def ) a hat ov] ;,e<#c4 ;x ) tilde "u<#d4 ;v ) "r >r[ ov]<#e4 8;,,ab0 b> ov] squ>$<kps#f4 8#c ov] #h ) #h c.ell$ & #b 2l0 "ts 8#d ov] #g ) #d c.ell$ & #a abv0 equals 8#c ov] #ad0kpeee~list-15.lles~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ,iee~h1.svrfp3rfs,i ansrfees~list-13.#a4 ;;y: "7@: #j <#b4 #a4<#de>: #a4<#de>^4 ;;,d,e":,f <#c4 x,_: <#d4 ;;v^:<#e4 ;;<,,ab>:9#b <ee~list-13.#f4<< #a< #c #d@: #c< "333 "8 "333 "7 "33< #h@: #g #ad< #b<lles~h1.;,j4 ,,>r[s .<#ac.>ee~h1.es~para.,simple >r[s >e def9$ & _! transcrip;n is expla9$ 9 #ac4a4 #ac4b d1ls ) >r[s ) unusual %afts & #ac4c li/s symbols = unusual tips4 ,if x is nec to det]m9e ! direc;n ( ! >r[1 foll[ ! provi.ns at ! bottom ( page #fb4 ,! ord] = transcrib+ ! ele;ts ( an unusual >r[ is giv5 at ! top ( page #fc4ee~para.llsvrfp3rfs;,j arr[s & practrfees~h1.,,practice ;,jee~h1.lles~list-15.#a4 ;x t5ds to @.<"r arr[@.> 9f9;y<#b4 limit1 z !ta t5ds to #j1 ( cos !ta<#c4 8o!rwise ord9>y upw>d >r[1 ) two h1d tips0 8common v]tical bidirec;nal >r[0<#d4 ;x is n equal to ;y 8d\ble %aft$ horizontal bidirec;nal >r[0 n "<;x equals ;y"><#e4 ;x 8"r >r[ ) upp] half b>b0 ;yee~list-15.lles~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,jee~h1.es~list-13.#a4 ;x ;\o #= <#b4 ;;lim.5<.?\o#j>cos.?<#c4 ;\33rr+ ;\wr+<#d4 ;;;x "7@: y \w77ro @?";' <#e4 ;;;x \@ro y;'ee~list-13.es~h1.;,,,k4 %ape symbols & composite symbols,' .<#ad.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,j ans & ;,k %apesrfees~para.,! %ape 9dicators >e li/$ 9 #ad4 ,note ! li/ ( specific %apes4 ,= a rectangle1 ! symbol = p>allelogram may 2 us$4 ,ref] to #ad4a to det]m9e :5 a t]m9ator is requir$ = a %ape4 ,once 9 %ape mode1 grade #a 9dicators >e n requir$4ee~para.es~para.,foll[ #ad4b = a transcrib]-def9$ %ape4 ,ref] to #c4bf 9 ! ,rulebook to det]m9e :5 ! use ( a transcrib]-def9$ .1symbol is pref]r$ to a transcrib]-def9$ .1%ape4ee~para.es~para.,! use ( composite symbols is describ$ 9 #ad4c4 ,note t ea* is %[n ) a grade #a symbol 9dicator prec$+ x4ee~para.es~para.,(t5 calculator keys >e %[n 5clos$ )9 a box4 ,! pref]r$ me?od = _! transcrip;n is giv5 9 #c4e4ee~para.es~para.,see #c4f = a squ>e us$ z a m>k ( omis.n4ee~para.lles~h1.,,practice ;,kee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,k pract & ansrfees~list-15.#a4 #i m9us #e squ>e #d<#b4 circle 8solid p5tagon0 8%ad$ squ>e0<#c4 ;,h sub #b ,o 8"r >r[ ov] left >r[0 #b,h plus ,o<#d4 /><#e4 ,press calculator keys 8squ>e root sign 9 box0 8#d 9 box04<#f4 " equals " equals #aee~list-15.es~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,kee~h1.es~list-13.#a4 #i"ìA#e ;$#d #d<#b4 ;$= _$#e .$#d <#c4 ;;;,h5#b,o \o]\[ #b,h"6,o;'<#d4 @$s .< @$star<#e4 ,press calculator keys _2"% _2#d4<#f4 ;;;" "7 " "7 #a;'ee~list-13.es~h1.;,,,l4 matrices & vectors,' .<#ae.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,l matricesrfees~para.,us+ ! 5l>g$ gr\p+ symbols f #e1 foll[ ! provi.ns 9 #ae = matrices .<#ae4b.>1 det]m9ants .<#ae4c.> & vectors .<#ae4f.>4 ,note t #ae4d d1ls ) omis.n dots1 #ae4e gives guid.e on wide matrices & #ae4g %[s ! use ( 5l>g$ gr\p+ symbols = gr\p+ ( equa;ns4ee~para.es~para.,if a grade #a passage 9dicator is us$1 x may 2 plac$ on a l9e by xf " prec$$ by ! dot locator = 8use0 "4 ,see #c4ad 9 ! ,rulebook4 ,! grade #a t]m9ator wd al 2 plac$ on a l9e by xf foll[+ ! >range;t & prec$$ by ! dot locator = 8use04ee~para.llpges~h1.,,practice ;,lee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,l practrfeles~TN-75,commas 9dicate a new pr9t l9e4ee~TN-75les~list-15.#a4 @. "<#a 8m9us #b01 8m9us #c0 #d"><#b4 @. .<8m9us ;m0 ;n1 ;p #cq.><#c4 @. _\8a sub #aa0 8a sub #ab0 ellipsis 8a sub #an01 8a sub #ba0 8a sub #bb0 ellipsis 8a sub #bn01 dot dot ellipsis dot1 8a sub r#a0 8a sub r#b0 ellipsis 8a sub rn0_\<#d4 8,,xy0 ) "r >r[ ov]<>8,,xy0 ) b> "u<#e4 ^2;v equals .<;r1 8angle !ta0.><#f4 f" equals _<8;n plus #e if ;n is ev501 8;n m9us #e if ;n is oddee~list-15.pges~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,lee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,l ansrfees~list-13.#a4 ,"< #a "ìA#b,">< ,"<"ìA#c #d,"><<#b4 ,.<"ìAm ;n ,.>< ,.< ;p #cq,.><<#c4<""=;;;< ,_\a5#aa a5#ab 444 a5<#an>,_\< ,_\a5#ba a5#bb 444 a5<#bn>,_\< ,_\ 4 4 444 4 ,_\< ,_\a5 a5 444 a5 ,_\<""=;'<<#d4 ;;<,,xy>^: ;;<,,xy>,:<<#e4 ^2;v "7 ,.< ,.<_[.?,.><<#f4 f" "7 ,_ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,m *emi/ry & practrfees~para.,:5 transcrib+ *emi/ry1 ref] to #af4b = capitaliza;n4 ,subscripts & sup]scripts = atomic mass numb]s >e 9 #af4c & = electronic 3figura;n >e 9 #af4d4 ,examples ( *emical equa;ns >e %[n 9 #af4e4 ,pr9t uses v>i\s me?ods ( %[+ electrons : may 2 repres5t$ by ! correspond+ ,,ueb signs z illu/rat$ 9 #af4f4 ,/ructural =mulae >e cov]$ 9 #af4g4 ,note t "! >e ,,ueb symbols giv5 9 #af : >e us$ = l9e bonds4 ,ref] to #af3 ,l9e ,mode 9 ! ,rulebook = ! transcrip;n ( l9es 9 /ructural =mulae4ee~para.lles~h1.,,practice ;,mee~h1.es~list-15.#a4 8;,h sub #b ,o0 8;,h l9e bond ,o l9e bond ;,h0<#b4 ,fe sup 8#b plus0 plus #b ;e sup m9us "r >r[ ,fe<kps#c4 ;,r equals #h4ca;dm sup #c @. k,pa sla% mol @. ;,k<kpesvrfp3rfs;,m pract & ansrfe#d4 8sub #id0 8sup #bdd0 ,pu = ,plutonium<#e4 ,br l9e bond ,br equilibrium >r[ #b ,br @.<) d\ble dot on left1 d\ble dot abv1 s+le dot on "r1 d\ble dot 2l@.><#f4 ,acetic acid "">3 @.<#g4 @.<#h4 @.<^w 8h1t0 is ov] "r >r[@.> ;,h sub #b ,o "r >r[ #b,h plus ,oee~list-15.es~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,mee~h1.es~list-13.#a4 ;;,h5#b,o ;;,h,-,o,-,h <#b4 ;;;,fe9<#b"6>"6#b;e9"ìA \o ,fe;' <#c4 ;,r "7 #h4ca;dm9#c"4k,pa_/mol"4,k <#d4 ;5#id9#bdd,pu = ,plutonium <<kps ."4<#e4 ,br,-,br ^_7 #b."4,br"4< ."4<<kpe#f4 ,acetic acid "">3<""=;;;< ,o< >>< ,c,h5#c,-,c,-,o,h<""=;'<svrfp3rfs;,m ansrfe#g4<""=;;;< ,br< _< ><< > << _ _< < >< <>< _< ,c"<,c,h5#c">5#c<""=;' <kps#h4<""=;;;< heat< ,h5#b,o \o #b,h"6,okpe""=;'ee~list-13.es~h1.;,,,n4 comput] nota;n,' .<#ag.>ee~h1.svrfp3rfs;,n comput] nota;nrfees~para.#ag4a gives a def9i;n ( comput] nota;n & expla9s :at is m1nt by 84play$0 & 89l9e04 ,! l9e >range;t = 4play$ comput] nota;n & xs spac+ >e 4cuss$ 9 #ag4b4 ,use uncontract$ brl = 4play$ comput] nota;n & any associat$ exc]pts .<#ag4c.>4ee~para.lles~h1.,,practice ;,nee~h1.les~TN-75see answ]ee~TN-75les~h1.,answ]s ,,practice ;,nee~h1.es~para.,? example ( a ,c"6"6 program 0 f.d at http3_/_/www4cs49diana4$u_/@9sabry_/"<t1*+_/9tro_/fa#if_/code_/prime4,c4 ,x is us$ to *eck if a numb] is prime4ee~para.es~list-13.<""=;;;<_?include @<svrfp3rfs;,n ansrfe<int smalldiv " _<< int count2 < count "7 #b2<< while " _<< count "7 count "6 #a2< _>< return"2<_><<int main "<"> _<< int n2< cout @<@< ,7,enter a natural number3""< ,72< cin @>@> n2< if ""> _<< cout @<@< n @<@< ,7 is a prime""< number,7 @<@< endl2< _>< else _<< cout @<@< n @<@< ,7 is not a prime""< number,7 @<@< endl2< _>< ,return"<#j">2<_>ee~list-13.""=;'<<hds,,! ,,5dhdesd0J C 6'(7*HI ,!-=G&<>:?@5 )"F8+E;D AB./342091#%$-UEB-BF-2014asciiasterisks.attr-55.attr-77.attr-99.attr-in-hdgblank-hard.boldboxbox-longcaption-75.centreVert-Horzcompinlinecrossref-77.dialog-13.dialog-57.directions-55.display-13.glossary-13.glossary-15.glossary-17.glossary-19.h1.h1.in-boxh2-55.h2.55-boxh3-77.h3-77x.iitalicsinitiallist-13.List-15.List-17.List-19.List-eleven.note-75.note-97.note-in-headingnumnum-margin5num-margin6para.poem-13.poem-15.poem-17.poem-19.ref-pg-no.Scriptstairstep-1pagestairstep-longstandard-tabs.text-start.title-page-Ptitle-page-TTN-75TN-embedtoc-13.toc-15.toc-17.toc-19.toc-h1.toc-h2.toc-title.TOC:leftTOC:rightTOC:titleuncontracted-brlUnderlineunnumbered-blank-page.volume-end.words-flushrightwords-groupwords-nobreak”scbiwb-cbwbtxipv1~phdshdetopsvles0:0:1kbs1hds0kbekbs1lind5kbe1:1ind1kbs1lind7kbe1:1ind1kbs1lind9kbe1:1ind1ptysptyeind5tab7ind1ptyskpski1ki0kpeptyeptys4kpski1ki0kpeptyeptys6kpski1ki0kpeptyerm6ptysptyerm0hi1:5:6:2hicztxkps<kpe1:1ind7rm0ind1ind5tab7rm0ind1ind5ind1ind5tab7inm1hi1:1:0:2:2kpskpehiptysptyeptysptyehds0d~"9d~"9q~"9hdelpsfrlprrm5rm0ind7tab9ind1ind7ind1ind5ptysptyeind1svrfs6:6ptysptyerm6rm0topsc1:0rm6hdshderm0rfsd~rferfdtoppv1~lealsvprg3:0:1lkpssc1:0rm6hdsrps1rpe1hderm0kpe2:2<lkpssc1:0ind5rps2rpe2ind1kpe1:1kpslealkpe1:1fr:;wb-nowb:;fts~ifte~iind1kpsq~"fr;f~3d~3lkpe1:1ind1q~"fr;f~3d~3lind1kpsq~"fr;f~3d~3lkpe1:1kbs1ind1kbe1:1q~"fr;f~3d~3lptys8kpski1ki0kpeptyesvrfs6:6hi1:5:0:2hictbstb1l3stb2l5stb3l7stb4l9stb5l11stb6l13llkpsrm6hdshderm0kpe2:2<lkpsind5ind1kpe1:1lkpssc1:0rm12hdshderm0kpe1:1lkpssc1:0ind5rm6rm0ind1kpe1:1g1g2ledpv0pgContents,3t5tsChapter,*apt]Page,pageplfts~bfte~btopvcs<<pgvcehi1:1:0:2:2hifts~ufte~uhi1:7:0:2hiind5tab7q~@.<q~@.>ind1svgrn~}svcbh~"svles0:0:1lkpssc1:0ind7rps3rpe3ind1kpe1:1hi1:5:0:2hihi1:9:0:2hihi1:11:1:2hihi1:7:6:2hihi1:9:6:2hitnstnepv1~thdshdetopsvles0:0:1fts~sfte~slkpsind7rps3rpe3ind1kpe1:1svrfs6:6hi1:7:0:2hisvrfs6:6hi1:9:0:2hiMicrosoft XPS Document WriterwinspoolNe00:˜6AMicrosoft XPS Document WriterwinspoolNe00:˜6A